If you’re an Australian resident for tax purposes, you don’t have to pay income tax on the first $18,200 you earn each year, from any source. This is called the “tax-free threshold”. If you have more than one job, change employers during the year, have a sole trader side gig or get government payments, it’s important to think about the tax-free threshold and which employer, job or payment you’ll claim it for.
The ATO advises claiming the tax-free threshold once from your “main” payer – typically the job, gig or payment that pays you the most during the year. That payer will not withhold income tax from the first $18,200 they pay you but will withhold tax from payments once your earnings go over the threshold.
At the end of the financial year, the ATO calculates your total income and tax withheld. If not enough tax has been withheld, you can expect a tax bill. If more tax has been withheld than you owe for your total earnings, you can expect a refund.
When starting a new job, your employer should ask you to complete a withholding declaration.
To claim the tax-free threshold, you must be an Australian resident for tax purposes on the declaration and answer “yes” to the question “Do you want to claim the tax-free threshold from this payer?”. Where you answer “no”, tax will be withheld from all income from that payer.
Avoid claiming the threshold from multiple payers simultaneously unless you’re sure you’ll earn less than $18,200 total for the year. Overclaiming might make your take-home pay higher each pay cycle but will likely mean a tax debt later.
When changing jobs you can claim the threshold from your new payer even if you have claimed it from your previous one.
If you add a job or side gig that will provide more income than your existing main payer, you can change your claim at any time using ATO online services, via your myGov account. If you’re earning income outside of employment (eg as a sole trader) you’ll need to pay tax yourself on that income. Consider setting aside a percentage for tax or using pay as you go (PAYG) instalments each time you are paid.